Numbers In Python

Numbers in Python refer to the numeric data types in Python Programming. They are immutable data types, which means that changing the value of a number data type results in a newly allocated object.

Python has three built-in number data types: 

  • Integers (int)
  • Floating-point numbers (float)
  • Complex numbers (complex)
  • Integer:

In Python, integers are zero, positive, or negative whole numbers without a fractional part and having unlimited precision, e.g. 0, 100, -10.

  • num1 = 5

print(type(num1))

Result: <class ‘int’>

  • num2 = -35 * 5

print(type(num2))

Result: <class ‘int’>

  • num3 = 6859205148421518

print(type(num3))

Result: <class ‘int’>

Note: When you create an integer like this, these are called integer literals because the integers are literally typed into the code. Integers can be binary, octal, and hexadecimal values.

 

  • Float:

In Python, floating point numbers (float) are positive and negative real numbers with a fractional part denoted by the decimal symbol(.). A floating point number can be positive, negative, or zero. Just like decimal numbers, floating point numbers also contain one or more digits after a decimal point. e.g., 1234.56, 3.142, -1.55, 1e6.

  • x = 5.0

print(type(x))

Result: <class ‘float’>

  • y = 85.962

print(type(y))

Result: <class ‘float’>

  • Z = -2.4 * 5

print(type(z))

Result: <class ‘float’>

Note: For large numbers, you can use E-notation. The example below uses E-notation to create a float literal.

>>> 1e6 

1000000.0

Python also uses E-notation to display large floating point numbers: 

>>> 200000000000000000.0 

2e+17 

  • Complex:

A complex number is one that has both real and imaginary parts. For example, 2 + 3j is a complex number in which 2 is the real component and 3 multiplied by j is the imaginary component.

  • a = 2 + 5j

print(type(a))

Result: <class ‘complex’>

  • b = 3 – 4j

print(type(b))

Result: <class ‘complex’>

  • x = 1 + 2j

y = 3 – 4j

z = x + y

print(z)

print(type(z))

Result: (4-2j)

<class ‘complex’>

Conclusion:

We looked at Python’s three main numeric data types in this blog: integers, floats, and complex numbers. These types, with their distinct characteristics, provide a flexible foundation for numerical operations in Python.

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